Nobiletin is a polymethoxylated flavonoid compound extracted from citrus plants. It has a variety of pharmacological activities, including protective effects on the cardiovascular system. The following are its main research progress and mechanisms of action in cardiovascular protection:
1. Lowering cholesterol and preventing atherosclerosis
Nobiletin can significantly lower cholesterol levels and reduce the occurrence of atherosclerosis. Studies have shown that nobiletin can reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by regulating lipid metabolism and inhibiting the oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In addition, nobiletin can also prevent postprandial hyperlipidemia by enhancing the clearance rate of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins.
2. Improve myocardial infarction damage
Nobiletin also shows significant effects in the protection of myocardial infarction. Studies have found that nobiletin can inhibit the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by regulating Rnd3. reduce cardiomyocyte apoptosis, and improve the cardiac function of mice with myocardial infarction. Specific experimental results showed that the cardiac ejection fraction and short axis shortening rate of mice treated with Nobiletin were significantly improved, and the content of Cleaved-caspase3. a marker of apoptosis, in cardiac tissue was significantly reduced.
3. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects
Nobiletin has significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which help protect the cardiovascular system. It can reduce cardiovascular damage by inhibiting the production of inflammatory factors and reducing inflammatory responses. In addition, the antioxidant capacity of Nobiletin can scavenge free radicals and reduce the damage of oxidative stress to the cardiovascular system.
4. Improve metabolic disorders
Nobiletin can improve metabolic disorders caused by a high-fat diet and prevent postprandial hyperlipidemia. Studies have shown that Nobiletin can enhance insulin sensitivity and regulate de novo lipid synthesis in the small intestine, thereby offsetting the adverse effects of a high-fat diet. This metabolic regulation effect is of great significance for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
5. Protect endothelial cells
Nobiletin has a protective effect on high-glucose-induced damage to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Studies have shown that nobiletin can enhance the vitality of endothelial cells and reduce sugar-related cell damage, thereby protecting the cardiovascular system.